Asia – Americas via the Panama Canal
A Pacific crossing, a Panama Canal transit that depends on lake levels, and a Caribbean passage in hurricane season.
North America · sea freight from Lianyungang
Lianyungang to Carrabelle
Yellow Sea · Korea Strait · Tsugaru Strait · North Pacific · Eastern Pacific · Panama Canal · Caribbean Sea · Yucatán Channel
Lithium batteries for Carrabelle go from northern Jiangsu through Lianyungang on the Yellow Sea. On the way they face a Panama Canal corridor whose draft limit depends on Gatun Lake, and they arrive at the port of Carrabelle.
The US side adds a 25% Section 301 duty line, forced-labour scrutiny of lithium supply chains and an ISF deadline that falls before loading. Below are 5 route-specific points to plan for, what we do about each, and the documents to have ready before booking.
What we need to start
Route profile
A Pacific crossing, a Panama Canal transit that depends on lake levels, and a Caribbean passage in hurricane season.
US entry hinges on filings made in China (ISF and AMS), a traceable lithium supply chain and a road leg that is regulated as a hazmat move.


Where this route gets difficult
Loading port first, then the sea leg, then Carrabelle and the United States market.
For energy storage shipped on break-bulk vessels, Lianyungang MSA's June 2025 guide classes ESS cabinets as UN3480 and ESS containers as UN3536, recommends 20–50% remaining charge, and requires converters and monitoring switched off, series and parallel circuits disconnected, packages spread evenly with a low centre of gravity, and a safety meeting before the ship arrives.
What Anxin does: For ESS units we confirm the UN number the unit ships under, get the state of charge and isolation steps in writing from the manufacturer, and join the pre-arrival safety meeting with the stowage details.
NOAA's Ocean Prediction Center has recorded hurricane-force North Pacific storms in every month from October to April, most often in December. The Pacific leg to Panama crosses that ocean.
What Anxin does: For October–April sailings we check blocking and bracing on stuffing photos before sealing.
Under 19 CFR 4.7 the carrier's cargo declaration must be in CBP's Automated Manifest System 24 hours before loading abroad. Without it, or with inaccurate data, the permit to unlade the container at Carrabelle can be delayed or refused.
What Anxin does: We give the carrier or NVOCC the final cargo description, HS code, UN number and package count before the documentation cut-off in Lianyungang, so the AMS filing and the DG manifest say the same thing.
Small cells and batteries shipped under IMDG special provision 188 do not need a dangerous goods declaration at sea, but 49 CFR 171.25(b)(3) adds a US condition: each package of UN3480 or UN3090 must carry the 'FORBIDDEN FOR TRANSPORT ABOARD PASSENGER AIRCRAFT' marking or a Cargo Aircraft Only label, and so must packages of batteries with or in equipment above 5 kg net. Cartons printed for other markets often lack it.
What Anxin does: When the shipper declares SP188 for a Carrabelle booking, we check the carton photos for the US marking or CAO label before stuffing, not after discharge.
If a battery container waits at Carrabelle, the demurrage or detention invoice has to arrive within 30 days and carry accurate and sufficient information, or the charge is not owed (46 CFR part 541). The billed party then has at least 30 days to dispute it; in 2025 the D.C. Circuit struck down only the rule on who may be invoiced.
What Anxin does: We keep the dates of discharge, availability and any DG hold for each container, so the importer can check invoices against them and dispute charges inside the FMC time limits.

Documents & compliance
Anxin reviews documents supplied by the shipper, manufacturer and importer; it does not issue test reports, safety data sheets or import certificates.

A document that is present but inconsistent holds a booking as surely as a missing one: the UN number, model name or carton count reads differently in the Lianyungang export filings, the carrier booking and the United States import papers. We compare all three before confirming space.
Carriers we book with
Our booking panel; availability on this lane and acceptance of the declared UN numbers are confirmed for each booking. It does not mean that a listed carrier runs a direct service on this route. Carrier choice depends on the trade lane, cargo classification and each carrier's dangerous-goods acceptance at booking. The final carrier is confirmed on the booking.
Risk & mitigation
| Risk | Where | Mitigation | Who acts |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESS unit not isolated or poorly distributed in a break-bulk hold | Lianyungang, break-bulk loading | Manufacturer's written isolation steps; safety meeting | Manufacturer / ship, coordinated by Anxin |
| SP188 cartons without the US marking | Discharge and onward trucking | Marking or CAO label checked on carton photos before stuffing | Shipper, checked by Anxin |
| Permit to unlade delayed for a late or inaccurate AMS manifest | Port of discharge | Final cargo data given to the carrier before the cut-off | Carrier / NVOCC, with data from Anxin |
Questions
Yes, if the container moves on a public highway. The IMDG waiver in 49 CFR 171.25(d)(2) only covers cargo that stays on the ship or moves between vessels; otherwise 49 CFR 172.604 requires a monitored number answered by someone with the emergency information. Goods shipped as 'Battery powered equipment' are exempt.
It can. In September 2026 the Panama Canal Authority postponed a planned draft cut in the Neopanamax locks because of Gatun Lake levels (advisory A-33-2026). We check the advisory in force when quoting.
Its June 2025 break-bulk ESS guide recommends 20–50% remaining charge, with converters and monitoring off and circuits disconnected.
References
Next step
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We check carrier acceptance for Lianyungang → Carrabelle before any booking, and ask for missing battery documents first.
All destinations from Lianyungang · United States ports

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